Saturday, January 9, 2016

如何计算Java对象占用了多少空间? �C 码农网



如何计算Java对象占用了多少空间? �C 码农网

对象头

对象的头部至少有两个WORD,如果是数组的话,那么三个WORD,内容如下:
  1. 对象的HashCode,锁信息等
  2. 到对象类型数据的指针
  3. 数组的长度(如果是数组的话)

规则

首先,任何对象都是8字节对齐,属性按照[long,double]、[int,float]、[char,short]、[byte,boolean]、reference的顺序存放,举个例子:
public class Test {     byte a;     int b;     boolean c;     long d;     Object e; }
如果这个对象的属性按照顺序存放的话,要占用的空间为:head(8) + a(1) + padding(3) + b(4) + c(1) + padding(7) + d(8) + e(4) + padding(4) = 40。但是按照这个规则得到:head(8) + d(8) + b(4) + a(1) + c(1) + padding(2) + e(4) + padding(4) = 32。可以看到节省了不少空间。
在涉及继承关系的时候有一个最基本的规则:首先存放父类中的成员,接着才是子类中的成员,举个例子:
class A {     long a;     int b;     int c; } class B extends A {     long d; }
这样存放的顺序及占用空间如下:head(8) + a(8) + b(4) + c(4) + d(8) = 32。那如果父类中的属性不够八个字节怎么办?这样就有了新的一条规则:父类中最后一个成员与子类的第一个成员的间隔如果不够4个字节,此时需要扩展到4个字节的基本单位,举个例子:
class A {     byte a; } class B extends A {     byte b; }
那么此时占用的空间如下:head(8) + a(1) + padding(3) + b(1) + padding(3) = 16。显然这种方式比较浪费空间,那么就有了:如果子类的第一个成员是double或者long,并且父类并没有用完8个字节,JVM会破坏规将较小的数据填充到该空间,举个例子:
class A {     byte a; } class B extends A {     long b;     short c;     byte d; }
此时占用的空间如下:head(8) + a(1) + padding(3) + c(2) + d(1) + padding(1) + b(8) = 24。

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