Wednesday, October 28, 2015

[CareerCup] 12.2 Find the Reason of Crash 找到程序崩溃的原因 - Grandyang - 博客园



[CareerCup] 12.2 Find the Reason of Crash 找到程序崩溃的原因 - Grandyang - 博客园

12.2 You are given the source to an application which crashes when it is run. After running it ten times in a debugger, you find it never crashes in the same place. The application is single threaded, and uses only the C standard library. What programming errors could be causing this crash? How would you test each one?

 

这道题说有个应用程序运行的时候崩溃了,在调试运行了十次后,发现在同一个地方不崩溃了。这个应用是单线程的,只用了C语言的标准库,问什么程序原因会导致这个崩溃,怎么样检测每一个原因。根据书上的描述,我们先来看一个会导致程序崩溃的通常的原因:

1. 随机变量。程序有时候会用一些随机数字或变量,每次运行时值都不同。

2. 未初始化的变量。程序有未初始化的变量,在有些程序语言中,这可能会赋值为任意值。

3. 内存泄露。程序有时候会用尽内存,也包括堆和栈的溢出。

4. 外部依赖:程序有时候会依赖其他的应用,机器或资源。如果有很多的外部依赖,很有可能程序会在某一点崩溃掉。

既然程序不在同一个地方崩溃,那么有可能是和某一个部件或场景相关联。例如,可能程序在打开后,什么都不动的情况下是好的,但是当读入了一个文件,或者有了其他的操作时,崩溃了。那么我们就最好用排除法来找原因,关掉所有其他的应用,仔细追踪各种资源。如果有部分程序可以禁用,那么就禁用掉,然后在不同的机子上跑程序看是否会遇到同样的问题。

另外我们也可以借助一些专业的工具来帮我们找错,比如对于问题2,未初始化的变量,就有专门的工具来替我们找到这些变量。


Read full article from [CareerCup] 12.2 Find the Reason of Crash 找到程序崩溃的原因 - Grandyang - 博客园

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